Promote and demand
The Rhein-Ruhr transport association (VRR), of which WSW mobil GmbH is also a member, launched a promotional programme for buses with hybrid technology in 2009. Today approximately 70 hybrid buses belonging to VRR transport companies have been subsidised with the help of the programme for "Innovative projects for the improvement of local public transport". The objective is to pool the findings and experience gained with regard to the new technology as part of a research programme and put them at the disposal of other transport companies and vehicle manufacturers. Ulrich Piotrowski is responsible for the market launch of hybrid and electric buses at Mercedes‑Benz. He believes that: "Wuppertal is just perfect for using the Citaro G BlueTec Hybrid. The demanding topography provides sufficient opportunity for energy recuperation via the brakes, but, if necessary, can also clearly demonstrate deficits thanks to the challenging routes. The experience gained during daily operations is invaluable to the further development of vehicles."
Mercedes-Benz Citaro G BlueTec Hybrid
When topographical conditions are ideal, the Citaro G BlueTec Hybrid can drive up to 10 kilometres using exclusively electric power without the help of the diesel engine. Four electric wheel hub motors which draw their power from lithium ion batteries provide the drive. Electric current is generated when the brakes are applied and, if required, can also be obtained via a generator which is driven by a small diesel engine. Experts speak of a serial hybrid in this context.
Needs-based equipment
The technically sophisticated diesel-electric hybrid concept has been realised in the well-established articulated version of the successful Mercedes-Benz Citaro urban bus family. The light blue vehicle hardly differs from the rest of the WSW Citaro fleet. The bright and friendly interior is characterised by large windows. The traffic red grab rails are a contrast to the blue seat covers. A video surveillance system with five cameras improves safety and avoids damage through vandalism. The climate control in the passenger compartment and at the driver's workplace can be regulated independently of one another via the overhead air-conditioning system. The air-conditioning concept, just like the fire alarm system and the automatic fire extinguishing system in the engine compartment, is standard WSW equipment.
Two 48.26 cm TFT monitors in the front and rear sections display the names of bus stops. When connected to the IBIS on-board computer, information regarding route progress and the name of the next bus stop are displayed. The IBIS is not only responsible for the control of the passenger information systems, but also for traffic signal preemption in Wuppertal. The control centre can directly transmit acoustic and visual information to one or all of the vehicles on the service route. The exact position of the vehicle is determined, evaluated and transmitted to the passenger information boards located at the bus stops using GPS. Passengers at the bus stops are thus informed in real time about exact arrival and departure times.
HighTec in urban buses
Four electric motors influence the driving characteristics of the Citaro. They accelerate the 18 meter long bus quickly and almost silently. As no transmission is used, passengers notice no jerking typical of gear changes. The drive output of the wheel hub motors is 320 kW, supplied as required by the battery and the diesel engine driven generator. These electric motors are also used for braking the vehicle. They then function like generators and convert the brake energy into electric current for the battery. If the battery indicates that it requires more power, the diesel engine automatically starts in order to generate additional energy. In comparison to a bus that runs on diesel only, the combustion engine is only half the size, weighs only 450 kg instead of 1000 kg and its engine capacity is 4.8 litres as opposed to 12 litres. At 160 kW, its output is about one third lower.
The energy storage unit used in the Mercedes‑Benz Citaro G BlueTec Hybrid is a lithium ion battery. The battery system supplies a maximum of 240 kW and, weighing less than 350 kg, is comparably light. Compared to conventional battery systems, batteries with ion technology impress with a higher energy density in conjunction with a greater storage capacity and lower weight.
WSW mobil GmbH
At present the 100 percent subsidiary of the Wuppertal Stadtwerke GmbH employs around 740 employees. In 2010, 89.6 million passengers used the WSW mobil GmbH services. The bus fleet comprises approximately 300 regular service buses. Together the 65 service routes are 633.7 km long, whereby the service stretches from Wuppertal and Solingen via Remscheid to as far away as parts of the Ennepe-Ruhr district.
Credits: Daimler AG
Copyright © 2012, Mercedes-Benz-Blog. All rights reserved.
The beating pulse of a new generation: the centrepiece of Mercedes-Benz's appearance at the Geneva Motor Show (8 to 18 March 2012) will be the world premiere of the new A-Class, the sporty Mercedes in the compact segment. Also totally new is the SL 63 AMG, offering high performance par excellence. The E 300 BlueTEC HYBRID – the world's most fuel-efficient model in the luxury segment – will be on show for the first time in Europe, as will the lightweight, athletic and luxurious SL-Class and the ML 63 AMG. The SLK 55 AMG will be appearing for the first time in Switzerland. The C-Class Sport offers a new dimension in sportiness, while the C 180 and E 220 CDI BlueEFFICIENCY Edition are shining beacons of efficiency. The CL "Grand Edition" stands for the ultimate in elegant luxury.
With the new A-Class, Mercedes-Benz is opening a new chapter in the compact segment: emphatically emotional in design, dynamic, with engines rated from 80 kW (109 hp) to 155 kW (211 hp), highly efficient with emission values as low as 99 g CO2/km. The A-Class is a clear statement on the dynamism of the Mercedes-Benz brand. At the same time, it also highlights the fact that safety is not a matter of price at Mercedes-Benz – with standard-fit features including the COLLISION PREVENTION ASSIST radar-based assistance system. The new A-Class (length/width/height: 4292/1780/1433 millimetres) will be making its way to European dealers in September 2012.
"A stands for 'attack': the A-Class is a clear statement on the new dynamism of the Mercedes-Benz brand," says Dr Dieter Zetsche, CEO of Daimler AG and Head of Mercedes-Benz Cars. "It is new down to the last detail. Such an opportunity to begin with a blank sheet is rare in the field of car development. Our engineers and designers have seized this opportunity in convincing style."
The design of the A-Class: emotional with a very sporty character
The design credentials and dynamism of the new A-Class are immediately apparent at first glance as it crouches up to 18 centimetres lower on the road than its predecessor. The design idiom presented with the "Concept A-CLASS" has been adopted wholeheartedly in the series production vehicle: with a new interpretation of the classic two-box design, the Mercedes designers have created an emotional exterior with a very sporty character. " Applying the new dynamic style of Mercedes-Benz to the compact class was a challenge that we thoroughly enjoyed"," relates Gorden Wagener, Head of Design at Mercedes-Benz. "The sculptural aspect of the A-Class design is typically Mercedes. The feature lines on the sides in particular lend the A-Class structure and a welcome edginess."
The aim in designing the interior was to complement the exterior's sporty appearance. The interior additionally derives a quality feel which is unique in the compact segment from the design idiom, the selection of high-quality materials and the available combinations of materials. And as with the Concept A-CLASS, a smartphone can be fully integrated into the control and display system. A dedicated app allows full use of the functions offered by the iPhone®, with other smartphones to follow in the future.
All trim surfaces feature an electroplated finish in "silver shadow", giving them a genuine metallic surface with "cool touch" effect. "This is just one example of the way in which the quality of the A-Class's interior is not defined by classic trim elements but by consistent design and by the specific materials used", explains Hartmut Sinkwitz, Head of Interior Design. "The motto we used when designing the interior was 'pure sportiness, newly interpreted'."
Sporty exclusivity: the Sport edition redefines dynamic performance
The performance specialists from AMG were involved for the first time at an early stage of the development process for the compact car. This involvement has spawned the model line's most dynamic version – the A-Class Sport Edition engineered by AMG, whose looks reveal a particularly close affinity to the Concept A-CLASS – by virtue of the new diamond grille, for example.
The drive: new engines for petrol and diesel fuel
A broad range of petrol and diesel engines covers all power requirements while defining a new benchmark in efficiency: for the first time ever, a Mercedes-Benz will emit only 99 g of CO2 per kilometre.
The new generation of petrol engines with a displacement of 1.6 and 2.0 litres covers an output spectrum ranging from 90 kW (115 hp) in the A 180 through 115 kW (156 hp) in the A 200 to 155 kW (211 hp) in the A 250. Features common to all these engines are the combination of direct injection with exhaust-gas turbocharging, an enhanced combustion process and extended stratification ranges for lean-burn operation by means of fast-acting injectors for multiple fuel injections and multiple ignition according to the prevailing requirements. The 1.6-litre engine features the world premiere of the innovative CAMTRONIC system. As a result of adjustment of the valve lift at the intake end the quantity of fresh gas is limited in the partial load range, reducing fuel consumption.
The diesel engines also boast extreme efficiency and environmental friendliness, thanks to state-of-the-art injection technology and turbocharging. The A 180 CDI kicks off at 80 kW (109 hp) and offers maximum torque of up to 250 Nm, while in the A 200 CDI the maximum power output stands at 100 kW (136 hp), accompanied by maximum torque of 300 Nm. The A 220 CDI has a displacement of 2.2 litres and generates 125 kW (170 hp) of power and 350 Nm of torque, enabling outstanding performance in the A-Class.
All engines of the new A-Class feature the ECO start/stop function as standard. The engines can be combined with the new six-speed manual transmission or optionally with the 7G-DCT dual clutch automatic transmission.
Other highlights: chassis and suspension, aerodynamics, safety
The chassis realises the dynamism which is promised by the design and the drive technology. The substantially lowered centre of gravity and the new four-link rear axe provide the basis for the effective transmission of power to the road and for the potential deployment of 4MATIC all-wheel drive. The customer has a choice of various chassis and suspension set-ups, including the optional sports suspension with Direct-Steer system. The electromechanical steering of the A-Class has been redesigned. The electric motor of the servo assistance system is now located in space-saving configuration directly on the steering gear as a high-precision dual pinion EPS system.
The perfect aerodynamics of the A-Class grant it a Cd value of 0.26 – a new benchmark in its class. The standard-fit roof spoiler concealing all the aerials on board the A-Class is also a contributory factor here.
The A-Class is the only car in its segment to feature a radar-based collision warning system with adaptive Brake Assist as standard, which lowers the risk of rear-end collisions. The COLLISION PREVENTION ASSIST system gives a visual and acoustic warning to alert a possibly distracted driver to identified obstacles, and prepares Brake Assist for the most precise possible braking response. This is initiated as soon as the driver emphatically operates the brake pedal.
The PRE-SAFE® preventive occupant protection system is available for the first time in the A-Class. This marks the debut in the compact class of this innovation which was premiered in the S-Class back in 2002.
E 300 BlueTEC HYBRID: the world's most fuel-efficient luxury-class model
The new E 300 BlueTEC HYBRID is all set for its market launch with record efficiency values of 4.2 l diesel/100 km and 109 g CO2/km, accompanied by increased torque and power output. Its modular hybrid concept with lithium‑ion battery does not impose any compromises on space and offers an impressive driving experience thanks to start/stop, recuperation, boost effect, all-electric driving and sailing. The E 300 BlueTEC HYBRID is the world's most fuel-efficient model in the luxury segment.
Mercedes-Benz is setting new standards for luxury-class business vehicles: the E 300 BlueTEC HYBRID, which is available as a saloon and an estate, boasts truly impressive performance. Its 4-cylinder diesel engine generates 150 kW (204 hp) of power and 500 Nm of torque. The diesel engine combines with an electric motor rated at 20 kW and 250 Nm to produce a harmonious overall concept.
"The E 300 BlueTEC HYBRID represents the continuation of our comprehensive hybrid offensive. The modular technology paves the way for us to quickly introduce hybrid models to complement other model series," explains Professor Dr Thomas Weber, Daimler Board Member for Group Research and Head of Mercedes-Benz Cars Development. "By clearly focussing on the different requirements of the global markets, we are able to offer precisely the models that our customers want."
The new SL-Class: light, athletic, luxurious
The all-new SL sees Mercedes-Benz continuing a tradition that began 60 years ago, since when "SL" has always stood for a symbiosis of sportiness, style and comfort – and for trailblazing innovations. The SL consists almost entirely of aluminium for the first time and weighs in at up to 140 kilograms lighter than its predecessor. The highly rigid all-aluminium body-in-white provides the basis for emphatically sportier, agile handling accompanied by exemplary ride and driving comfort.
New BlueDIRECT engines provide for enhanced driving dynamics; they are more powerful and at the same time up to 29 percent more fuel-efficient than the previous generation of engines. Totally new features are the Frontbass system, a world-first that transforms the luxury sports car into a concert hall irrespective of whether the top is up or down, and the MAGIC VISION CONTROL adaptive wiper/washer system, which applies water to the windscreen from the wiper blade in the required quantities and according to the wiping direction.
SL 63 AMG: high-performance roadster
The latest version of the Mercedes-Benz SL 63 AMG high-performance roadster impresses on several counts: systematic lightweight construction, increased output and enhanced driving dynamics, all combined with a 30 percent reduction in fuel consumption and emissions. Thanks to an all-aluminium bodyshell, similar to that of the SLS AMG supercar, the vehicle has shed 125 kilograms. With a kerb weight of 1845 kilograms and an output of 395 kW (537 hp) or 415 kW (564 hp), the new model boasts the perfect ingredients for unparalleled dynamism and a sublime driving experience that is truly unique.
A further boost in performance comes courtesy of a winning combination: a further improved AMG sports suspension based on Active Body Control, new AMG speed-sensitive sports steering, the AMG high-performance compound braking system and the AMG SPEEDSHIFT MCT 7-speed sports transmission. An enticing mix of stylish design, extensive standard equipment and a high level of safety.
Intelligent lightweight construction is one of the major factors behind the low fuel consumption figures. The SL 63 AMG is built around a lightweight all-aluminium bodyshell similar to that of the SLS AMG supercar. Compared to the outgoing model, this design not only delivers a weight reduction of around 110 kilograms, it also greatly enhances rigidity, safety and comfort. The boot lid helps to further trim the weight. For the first time on a volume-produced model, the inner support is made from lightweight carbon-fibre composite. The extremely rigid carbon-fibre component is bonded to the plastic outer shell, resulting in a weight saving of five kilograms compared to a conventional boot lid.
SLK 55 AMG: top figures in all disciplines
The Mercedes-Benz SLK 55 AMG is the most powerful SLK of all time. Its newly developed naturally aspirated AMG 5.5-litre V8 engine with cylinder shut-off system combines ultimate performance with minimised fuel consumption. With a maximum output of 310 kW (422 hp) and peak torque of 540 Newton metres, the SLK 55 AMG outperforms all of its direct competitors. The SLK 55 AMG accelerates from zero to 100 km/h in 4.6 seconds, and reaches a top speed of 250 km/h (electronically limited). Its fuel consumption of 8.4 litres per 100 kilometres (NEDC combined) and CO2 emissions of 195 grams per kilometre are some 30 percent lower than the figures for its predecessor.
ML 63 AMG: efficiency and superlative performance
The new Mercedes-Benz ML 63 AMG stands for efficiency and performance, exclusivity and a superlative driving experience. Burning 11.8 litres of fuel per 100 kilometres (NEDC combined, 276 g CO2/km), the high-performance SUV undercuts its predecessor by 28 percent. The basis for the low fuel consumption and top-class performance is provided by the AMG 5.5-litre V8 biturbo engine. The eight-cylinder unit extracts a maximum power output of 386 kW (525 hp) and 700 Newton metres of torque from its displacement of 5461 cc. In conjunction with the AMG Performance package, these figures rise to 410 kW (557 hp) and 760 Newton metres. Both variants of the ML 63 AMG deliver sports car-like performance: the sprint from 0 to 100 km/h takes 4.8 seconds and 4.7 seconds respectively, while top speed stands at 250 km/h (electronically limited).
C-Class Sport: the C-Class has never been sportier
Mercedes-Benz is sharpening the profile of the C-Class: with the new "Sport" Coupé models developed with AMG and the new "AMG Plus Sports package", there has never been a wider choice of sporty versions. The new models are available from June 2012. The AMG Plus Sports package can be combined with all body and engine variants.
The name says it all – the new coupé models C 250 Sport and C 250 CDI Sport are decidedly dynamic, as the performance specialists at AMG were heavily involved in their development. In addition to the visually enhanced AMG Plus Sports package, both models have technical features which further increase driving enjoyment. Cornering and handling characteristics are more dynamic thanks to an AMG sports suspension, more direct speed-sensitive sports steering, a sports exhaust system and a more sporty transmission configuration in S and M mode. The matt paint finish "designo magno platinum" is exclusively available for the Sport models.
C 180, E 220 CDI BlueEFFICIENCY Edition: shining beacons of efficiency
Presenting the most economical E-Class diesel and C-Class petrol models to date: with fuel consumption of 4.5 litres/100 km and emissions of 119 g CO2/km for the
E 220 CDI BlueEFFICIENCY Edition and 5.8 litres/100 km and 136 g CO2/km for the new C 180 BlueEFFICIENCY, Mercedes-Benz is giving an impressive demonstration of just how much potential is still left in the internal-combustion engine. Take the
C-Class, for instance: since its predecessor was launched in 2000, the output of the
C 180 has increased by 21 percent, whilst consumption has been reduced by 37 percent. The present version of the C-Class is nearly twice as efficient as its predecessor.
The E 220 CDI BlueEFFICIENCY Edition that is available from March 2012 is simply one of the most economical cars in its segment. Thanks to a bundle of efficiency-boosting measures, including an Aerodynamics package, electric power steering (EPS), a longer final-drive ratio and size 205/55 R 16 tyres with low rolling resistance, the model emits just 119 g CO2/km – ten grams or nearly eight percent less than before and equates to 4.5 litres of diesel per 100 km. The E 220 CDI BlueEFFICIENCY Edition has an output of 125 kW (170 hp) and is available with a 6-speed manual transmission only.
The turbocharged 1.6-litre four-cylinder petrol unit is the brand new entry-level engine for the C-Class. With fuel consumption of 5.8 l/100 km and a CO2 figure of 136 g/km, the improvement compared to the previous C 180 when similarly equipped is as much as 21 g/km, or just under 1 l/100 km. This makes the C 180 BlueEFFICIENCY one of the very first petrol models to be ranked in energy efficiency class B. The 115 kW (156 hp) engine is very light when compared to its competitors and delivers impressive agility from standstill – peak torque of 250 Nm is on tap from just 1250 rpm all the way up to 4000 rpm.
CL "Grand Edition": exclusive luxury
The exclusive "Grand Edition" of the CL from Mercedes-Benz features attractive exterior paint finishes and more exclusive interior appointments. The range of paint finishes offers a choice between designo platinum black metallic, designo magno cashmere white and designo mocha black. The exclusive appearance is rounded off by 20-inch light-alloy wheels. Inside, the "Grand Edition" offers single-tone aniline leather in porcelain, armagnac or deep black. The "Grand Edition" is available as a CL 500, CL 500 4MATIC and CL 600.
Viano PEARL Limited Edition: exclusive touring van
The vision presented at the Frankfurt International Motor Show has now become reality in the form of the Viano PEARL touring van, which indulges its occupants with the finest materials. The front seats and the four individual seats in the rear are upholstered in finest two-tone nappa leather, for example, and the rear boasts a real walnut floor. The electrochromatic glass of the rear side windows can be darkened at the touch of a button. A "BeoSound Viano" sound system from Bang & Olufsen, produced and tuned specifically for the Viano PEARL Limited Edition, provides for superior on-board audio quality. There is a choice of two powerful V6 engines – a diesel rated at 165 kW (224 hp) and a petrol version rated at 190 kW (258 hp).
Vito E-CELL crewbus: first seven-seater with electric drive
The Vito E-CELL crewbus is the first seven-seater vehicle worldwide to offer local emission-free mobility ex-factory as standard. With its range of around 130 km it is ideal for use in environmentally sensitive areas, such as pedestrian zones, city centres or health resorts. The electric motor (60 kW, 280 Nm), power electronics, transformer and AC/DC charger are accommodated under the bonnet. The generated power is transmitted to the front wheels. The powerful and robust lithium-ion batteries are accommodated under the passenger compartment floor.
Credits: Daimler AG
Copyright © 2012, Mercedes-Benz-Blog. All rights reserved.
The new E 300 BlueTEC HYBRID is all set for its market launch with record efficiency values of 4.2 l diesel/100 km and 109 g CO2/km, accompanied by increased torque and power output. Its modular hybrid concept with lithium-ion battery does not impose any compromises on space and offers an impressive driving experience thanks to start/stop, recuperation, boost effect, all-electric driving and sailing. The new model is available as a saloon and an estate. The E 300 BlueTEC HYBRID is the world's most fuel-efficient model in the luxury segment.
Mercedes-Benz is opening a new chapter in its brand's core segment and at the same time setting new standards for luxury-class business vehicles: the E 300 BlueTEC HYBRID, which is available as a saloon and an estate, boasts truly impressive performance. The 4-cylinder diesel engine of the E 300 BlueTEC HYBRID is rated at 150 kW (204 hp) and 500 Nm. The diesel engine combines with an electric motor rated at 20 kW and 250 Nm to produce a harmonious overall concept.
"The E 300 BlueTEC HYBRID represents the continuation of our comprehensive hybrid offensive. The modular technology paves the way for us to quickly introduce hybrid models to complement other model series," explains Professor Thomas Weber, Daimler Board Member for Group Research and Head of Mercedes-Benz Cars Development. "By clearly focussing on the different requirements of the global markets, we are able to offer precisely the models that our customers want."
The new model does not force passengers to compromise in terms of spaciousness, either in the interior or in the luggage compartment. The intelligent, modular hybrid concept represents a comprehensive enhancement of the S 400 HYBRID – the clear market leader in its segment: no body modifications are necessary, the hybrid module is flexible and also suitable for deployment in other model series. All this comes at only a moderate price increase of € 3570. In Germany the E 300 BlueTEC HYBRID costs € 51,794.75 as a saloon, while the estate model retails at € 55,007.75 (in each case incl. 19% VAT). Both models are to be launched in June 2012.
The philosophy: enhanced efficiency without compromising on comfort or benefits
The E 300 BlueTEC HYBRID forms part of the brand's intelligent downsizing strategy, which involves making conventional models far more efficient than previously – without sacrificing driveability or comfort.Here the in-house engineers have their sights set on exemplary consumption figures in everyday traffic rather than on standard or NEDC combined consumption, for instance. The familiar "Real Life Safety" philosophy, which focuses on safety benefits under real-life conditions rather than standardised crash-test results, is augmented by "Real Life Efficiency".
The E 300 BlueTEC HYBRID is based on the notoriously economical E 250 CDI, yet has a higher output and 15 percent lower fuel consumption.Overview of the E 300 BlueTEC HYBRID:
On the road, therefore, the E 300 BlueTEC HYBRID is easily a match for the E 300 CDI (170 kW/540 Nm), yet it boasts around 35-percent lower fuel consumption and CO2 emissions.In terms of vehicle weight, too, the E 300 BlueTEC HYBRID is on a par with the E 300 CDI.
At the same time, hybridisation enhances ride comfort:the car starts and moves off in virtual silence, while the hybrid module also damps any internal combustion engine vibrations. What's more, complete climate control is available even in start/stop mode.
Coasting along the motorway
Mercedes-Benz hybrid technology offers a wealth of extra functions that enhance both comfort and efficiency as well as helping to deliver a special driving experience underpinned by accomplished sportiness:
- When the car is stationary - ECO start/stop: the internal combustion engine switches off when coasting at speeds up to 160 km/h, since ancillaries such as the steering, brakes and refrigerant compressor operate electrically. It is restarted quickly, smoothly and virtually silently.
- Manoeuvring: in most cases, the car uses electric power alone for manoeuvring and parking.
- Accelerating: electrical power alone is used for moving off and driving under low load. Acceleration from standstill is particularly powerful, since the electric motor's full torque of up to 250 Nm is available instantaneously.
- Boost function: the electric motor supports the combustion engine during acceleration, e.g. in the course of overtaking.
- Cruising: when the car is being driven at a constant speed, the engine control unit shifts the operating points towards exceptionally low specific fuel consumption levels.
- Sailing "sailing", as it has come to be known, is possible at speeds below 160 km/h. The combustion engine shuts down and the desired speed is maintained by the electric‑motor alone until the battery needs recharging.
- Kinetic energy recuperation when coasting or braking: when the car is coasting (decelerating), the electric motor acts as a generator. When the brake pedal is pressed, the generator output is initially increased proportionally for greater deceleration. Only when increased brake pressure is applied are the wheel brakes additionally deployed.
- Information: an additional savings effect arises after a relatively short period of time, as drivers come to apply the above-stated functions in an increasingly more purposeful and effective manner. They are supported here by the display concept in the hybrid models – the central display provides information on the current energy flow and the charge status of the battery.
The hybrid module: a compact and intelligently integrated powerhouse
The hybrid drive unit is a further development of the module from the S 400 HYBRID and is based on the 7G-TRONIC PLUS automatic transmission.Distinguishing features include the omission of the hydraulic torque converter and the addition of a wet clutch of the kind also found in the high-performance AMG models. Consequently, the electric motor can be integrated in the transmission unit in such a way that it takes up only marginally more space than the 7G-TRONIC (+65 mm). The omission of the converter allows all-electric motoring as well as "sailing", thus significantly boosting the potential to reduce fuel consumption.
The compact electric motor, which is installed in space-saving configuration in the clutch housing between engine and transmission, is a 3‑phase AC internal rotor magneto motor which generates a maximum output of 20 kW and peak torque of 250 Newton metres at an operating voltage of 120 volts.
The components: perfectly integrated into the vehicle
The hybrid drive's electrical energy is provided by the high-voltage lithium-ion battery specially developed for use in vehicles.Its key characteristics include an output of 19 kW and an energy content of 0.8 kWh, allowing the E-Class to run on electric power alone at up to 35 km/h and for up to one kilometre. Space-saving installation of the drive in the engine compartment in place of the conventional starter battery means that the generous interior dimensions and the luggage compartment capacity remain unchanged. In addition to serving as an energy accumulator for the electric motor, the lithium-ion battery is also connected via the voltage converter to the 12V on-board electrical system, which supplies power to standard power-consuming devices such as the headlamps and the comfort features.
Sophisticated packaging means that numerous hybrid-specific components such as the high-performance electronics in the engine compartment can be integrated directly with the internal combustion engine, thus neatly rounding off the modularity concept:the hybrid models can be produced on the same assembly line as their conventional counterparts without needing to be diverted elsewhere. Another advantage of the overall concept is the scalability and compatibility with other vehicles and engines.
Safety: on a par with previous models
Intelligent integration of the hybrid systems without the need for changes to the body has the practical benefit of not restricting spaciousness in any way as well as ensuring that all hybrid models boast exactly the same high level of safety as their counterparts with an internal combustion engine – a very important aspect for Mercedes-Benz. Accident behaviour has been successfully tested crash simulations and tests.
Credits: Daimler AG
Copyright © 2012, Mercedes-Benz-Blog. All rights reserved.
Mercedes-Benz launches hybrid offensive: The world's most economical luxury-class model
Mercedes-Benz is opening a new chapter in its brand's core segment and at the same time setting new standards for luxury-class business vehicles: the E 300 BlueTEC HYBRID, available as a Saloon and Estate, impresses with new record values when it comes to efficiency. It boasts exemplary consumption levels (4.2 l/100 km[1]) as well as impressive performance: the 4-cylinder diesel engine of the E 300 BlueTEC HYBRID has 150 kW (204 hp) and 500 Nm. Combined with an electric motor producing 20 kW and 250 Nm, this results in a coherent overall concept. The E 300 BlueTEC HYBRID is the most economical luxury-class vehicle in the world.
The V6 petrol engine in the E 400 HYBRID produces 225 kW (306 hp) and 370 Nm, and is also supplemented by a further 20 kW and 250 Nm from the electric motor. The consumption figures based on the American CAFE standard are: City 24 mpg, Highway 31 mpg, Combined 27 mpg.
"With these two E-Class models we are now continuing our comprehensive hybrid offensive. The modular technology opens up a quick way for us to complement other model series with hybrid models", explains Professor Dr. Thomas Weber, Daimler Board Member for Group Research and Head of Mercedes-Benz Cars Development. "With a clear focus on the different requirements of the global markets, we are able to offer precisely the models which our customers want. The E-Class hybrids provide a clear reduction in consumption as well as a very impressive driving experience: they represent hybrid motoring at the premium level."
The new models do not require their passengers to have to compromise when it comes to space, however, whether in terms of the interior or the luggage compartment. And there are also additional benefits to the intelligent modular hybrid concept, which represents a comprehensive enhancement of the Mercedes-Benz S 400 HYBRID which has advanced to the position of clear market leader since 2009: no changes to the vehicle body are required, the hybrid module is both flexible and modular, thus allowing its use in other model series, and in addition to diesel and petrol variants there will also be right-hand drive variants. Meanwhile, the extra cost involved here is only moderate. The new hybrid models will be celebrating their world premiere at the Detroit Motor Show (14 to 22 January 2012) and will appear on the market over the course of the year. The E 300 BlueTEC HYBRID is initially planned to be launched on the European market, while the E 400 HYBRID will be made available on the American market first, followed by other countries such as Japan and China later.
The philosophy: increase efficiency without compromising comfort or use
The new hybrid models from Mercedes-Benz are part of the company's intelligent downsizing strategy which aims to make conventional models perform significantly more efficiently than ever before – without compromising when it comes to driveability or comfort. As part of this move, rather than focusing primarily on regular consumption, the engineers at the company have been examining exemplary consumption levels in everyday traffic. The notorious safety philosophy known as "Real Life Safety", which similarly highlights gains in safety under practical conditions rather than standard crash test results, is now being paired with "Real Life Efficiency".
Take the E 300 BlueTEC HYBRID by way of example: the hybrid model is based on the notoriously economical E 250 CDI, but exceeds it in terms of performance and undercuts in terms of fuel consumption by around 15 percent. The details are as follows:
- E 250 CDI: output of 150 kW, max. torque of 500 Nm, top speed of 242 km/h, acceleration from 0 to 100 km/h in 7.5 seconds, consumption of 4.9 litres of diesel/100 km, CO2 emissions of 129 g/km
- E 350 BlueTEC: output of 155 kW, max. torque of 540 Nm, top speed of 239 km/h, acceleration from 0 to 100 km/h in 7.8 seconds, consumption of 6.8 litres of diesel/100 km, CO2 emissions of 180 g/km
- E 300 BlueTEC HYBRID: output of 150 kW + 20 kW electric motor, max. torque of 500 Nm + 250 Nm, top speed of 242 km/h, acceleration from 0 to 100 km/h in 7.5 seconds, consumption of 4.2 litres of diesel/100 km, CO2 emissions of 109 g/km (values for Saloon)
As a result, the E 300 BlueTEC HYBRID is on a par with the E 300 CDI (170 kW/540 Nm) in practical use. However, it undercuts this model in terms of consumption and CO2 emissions by around 35 percent. The E 300 BlueTEC HYBRID also matches the E 300 CDI when it comes to vehicle weight too.
At the same time, hybridisation also represents an increase in ride comfort: starting up and moving off are practically silent, and the hybrid module also dampens any vibrations from the combustion engine. Furthermore, the vehicle's full range of climate control functions remain available even in start/stop mode.
The E 300 BlueTEC HYBRID and E 400 HYBRID at a glance:
Motoring: sailing along the motorway
The hybrid technology from Mercedes-Benz provides a whole host of additional functions which enhance comfort and efficiency at the same time, while making an overall contribution to creating a special driving experience with a sense of refined sportiness:
- Stationary vehicle/ECO start/stop function: the combustion engine can already be switched into deceleration mode at speeds below 160 km/h, since ancillary components such as the steering, brakes and air conditioning compressor operate electrically. The combustion engine is restarted quickly, conveniently and almost silently. A special Mercedes feature is the way in which the practical HOLD function interacts with the start/stop system: as soon the HOLD function is enabled (by fully depressing the brake pedal when stationary), the combustion engine also remains switched off when the driver then takes their foot off the brake pedal. Alternatively, when waiting for longer periods, the gear selector lever can be put into position "P" or the parking brake enabled, thus allowing the driver to remove their foot from the brake pedal.
Manoeuvring: parking or turning are for the most part carried out in electric mode
Accelerating: moving off and driving at low loads are carried out in purely electric mode. Accelerating from a standstill is particularly powerful, since the full torque of up to 250 Nm is available from the electric motor
Boost function: the electric motor supports the combustion engine when accelerating, such as when executing an overtaking manoeuvre, by providing additional drive torque
Cruising: at constant speeds, the engine control unit shifts the operating range towards lower specific fuel consumption levels
- "Sailing": the so-called "sailing" function can be used at speeds below 160 km/h. With this function, the combustion engine switches off and the desired speed is maintained primarily by using the electric motor, until the batteries need to be recharged
- Recuperation of kinetic energy (regenerative braking)in deceleration mode or when braking: during deceleration (reduction in speed by snapping off the throttle), the electric motor works as a generator and stores the converted kinetic energy back in the high-voltage battery. If the brake pedal is pressed, the generator output is initially increased proportionally for greater deceleration. Only when increased brake pressure is applied are the wheel brakes additionally called upon. To implement these functions, the new hybrid models have brakes which have been specially adapted for recuperation ("energy recuperation")
Comprehensive road tests using different test subjects have shown that it only takes a relatively short time for additional savings to be achieved as drivers learn to make increasingly deliberate and effective use of such functions. They are supported in their use of the features by the display concept of the hybrid models. The central display provides information on the current energy flow and the charge status of the batteries, as well as a top view of the vehicle, depicting the drivetrain and coloured energy flow. The driver is able to monitor fuel consumption via energy/time graphs.
Consumption: benefits in actual traffic, not just on paper
In urban traffic, with its frequent stationary, deceleration and short acceleration phases, the hybrid drive is able to play to its strengths in particular. This is thanks, on the one hand, to the frequent regenerative braking phases when decelerating and, on the other, to the capability to offer purely electric motoring when approaching traffic lights. The purely electric driving mode can also be used in stop-and-go traffic up to a speed of around 35 km/h and on journeys of up to a kilometre. When stationary, the combustion engine is switched off in most cases.
When it comes to inter-urban motoring, the boost, "sailing" and regenerative braking phases alternate in conjunction with an intelligent displacement of the combustion engine's load point. The actual effect depends on both the route profile as well as the behaviour of the driver.
On the motorway, the boost function takes a back seat in the higher engine speed range. Savings are achieved by the "sailing" function at speeds up to 160 km/h, for example on slight downhill gradients, by displacement of the combustion engine's operating point, electric operation of accessories, and regenerative braking when decelerating.
Extensive road tests on a wide variety of different routes have shown that compared with the notoriously economical E 250 CDI, it is possible to achieve additional significant increases in efficiency with the E 300 BlueTEC HYBRID.
The increased fuel efficiency is even more pronounced when the E 300 CDI is used as the comparison vehicle.
The hybrid module: compact, intelligently integrated powerhouse
The hybrid drive unit is an enhancement of the module used in the S 400 HYBRID and is based on the 7G-TRONIC PLUS automatic transmission.
A new element is the lack of hydraulic torque converter. Instead a wet clutch has been added, as also found in a number of powerful AMG models. As a result, the electric motor can be integrated into the transmission unit in such a way that it only requires marginally more installation space than the 7G-TRONIC (+65 mm). The lack of converter allows for a purely electric driving mode as well as the "sailing" function, and also therefore significantly increases the potential for reducing consumption.
The compact electric motor, which is installed in the clutch housing between the engine and the transmission to save space, is a 3-phase AC internal rotor magneto motor, which develops a peak output of 20 kW and a peak torque of 250 Nm at an operating voltage of 120 Volts.
The components: perfectly integrated into the vehicle
The electric energy of the hybrid drive comes courtesy of the high-voltage lithium-ion battery which has been specially developed for automotive use. Its characteristics include an output of 19 kW and an energy content of 0.8 kWh, enabling the E-Class to achieve a speed of up to 35 km/h and a range of up to one kilometre in purely electric mode.
Major advantages over conventional nickel/metal hydride batteries include a higher energy density and better electrical efficiency, together with more compact dimensions and a lower weight. Thanks to space-saving installation in the engine compartment, where it replaces the conventional starter battery, the generous interior space and boot capacity remain unchanged. The lithium-ion battery not only stores energy for the electric motor, but is also connected to the 12-Volt onboard network via the DC transformer to supply power to other standard consumers such as the headlamps and comfort features. The battery system consists of the cell block with its lithium-ion cells and the cell monitoring system, the battery management function, the high-strength housing, the cooling gel, the cooling plate, the coolant feed and the high-voltage connector.
To support cold starting and act as a buffer store for the on-board electrical system, a regular 12 Volt battery is located beneath the luggage compartment, and an additional small backup battery prevents unpleasant flickering of the vehicle lighting and dropouts in the infotainment system in start/stop mode.
By using sophisticated packaging it has been possible to integrate numerous hybrid-specific components, such as the high-power electronics, directly into the engine compartment along with the combustion engine, thus perfectly rounding off the modular principle: the hybrid models can be produced together with the regular versions on the same assembly line, without any specific issues. Another plus point of the overall concept is the scalability and compatibility with other vehicles and engines.
Safety: on a par with previous models
The intelligent integration of hybrid systems without having to make any changes to the vehicle body not only has the practical benefit of enabling full use of the available space. At the same time it also helps to ensure that the same high level of safety can be offered as in their counterparts fitted with combustion engines – something which is particularly important to Mercedes-Benz. The crash behaviour of the vehicles has also been safeguarded accordingly by means of crash simulations and tests.
When it came to the hybrid-specific properties which were relevant to aspects of safety, the development engineers were able to call on the extensive experience gained with the S 400 HYBRID introduced in 2009. The challenge in this area lay in ensuring the greatest possible safety for the electrical components. This safety system already applies in production, includes workshop personnel during servicing and maintenance, and also takes the emergency services into account when passengers need to be recovered following an accident.
Accordingly the hybrid technology of Mercedes-Benz is equipped with an extensive 7-stage safety concept.
1. In the first stage, all of the high-voltage wiring is colour-coded to eliminate confusion, and marked with safety instructions. This prevents assembly errors in production, and makes the regular quality checks easier to carry out.
2. The second stage comprises comprehensive contact protection for the entire system by means of generous insulation and newly-developed, dedicated connectors.
3. As part of the third stage, the lithium-ion battery has been given a whole package of carefully coordinated safety measures. This innovative battery is accommodated in a high-strength steel housing, and also secured in place. Bedding the battery cells in a special gel effectively dampens any jolts and knocks. There is also a blow-off vent with a rupture disc and a separate cooling circuit. An internal electronic controller continuously monitors the safety requirements and immediately signals any malfunctions.
4. The fourth stage of the safety concept includes separation of the battery terminals, individual safety wiring for all high-voltage components and continuous monitoring by multiple interlock switches. This means that all high-voltage components are connected by an electric loop. In the event of a malfunction, the high-voltage system is automatically switched off.
5. Active discharging of the high-voltage system as soon as the ignition is switched to "Off", or in the event of a malfunction, is part of the fifth stage.
6. During an accident, the high-voltage system is completely switched off within fractions of a second (stage six).
7. As the seventh and last stage, the system is continuously monitored for short circuits.
[1] All consumption and performance figures are preliminary figures based on the Saloon model, as at December 2011
Credits: Daimler AG
Copyright © 2012, Mercedes-Benz-Blog. All rights reserved.
Mercedes-Benz is opening a new chapter in its brand's core segment and at the same time setting new standards for luxury-class business vehicles: the E 300 BlueTEC HYBRID, available as a Saloon and Estate, impresses with new record values when it comes to efficiency. It boasts exemplary consumption levels (4.2 l/100 km[1]) as well as impressive performance: the 4-cylinder diesel engine of the E 300 BlueTEC HYBRID has 150 kW (204 hp) and 500 Nm. Combined with an electric motor producing 20 kW and 250 Nm, this results in a coherent overall concept. The E 300 BlueTEC HYBRID is the most economical luxury-class vehicle in the world. The V6-cylinder petrol engine in the E 400 HYBRID produces 225 kW (306 hp) and 370 Nm, and is also supplemented by a further 20 kW and 250 Nm from the electric motor. The consumption figures based on the American CAFE standard are: City 24 mpg, Highway 31 mpg, Combined 27 mpg.
"With these two E-Class models we are now continuing our comprehensive hybrid offensive. The modular technology opens up a quick way for us to complement other model series with hybrid models", explains Professor Dr. Thomas Weber, Daimler Board Member for Group Research and Head of Mercedes-Benz Cars Development. "With a clear focus on the different requirements of global markets, we are able to offer precisely the models which our customers want. The E-Class hybrids provide a clear reduction in consumption as well as a very impressive driving experience: they represent hybrid motoring at the premium level."
The new models do not require their passengers to have to compromise when it comes to space, however, whether in terms of the interior or the luggage compartment. And there are also additional benefits to the intelligent modular hybrid concept, which represents a comprehensive enhancement of the Mercedes-Benz S 400 HYBRID which has advanced to the position of clear market leader since 2009: no changes to the vehicle body are required, the hybrid module is both flexible and modular, thus allowing its use in other model series, and in addition to diesel and petrol variants there will also be right-hand drive variants. Meanwhile, the extra cost involved here is only moderate. The new hybrid models will be celebrating their world premiere at the Detroit Motor Show (14 to 22 January 2012) and will appear on the market over the course of the year. The E 300 BlueTEC HYBRID is initially planned to be launched on the European market, while the E 400 HYBRID will be made available on the American market first, followed by other countries such as Japan and China later.
Highlights of the E 300 BlueTEC HYBRID at a glance:
- Compact, intelligent and modular hybrid concept: no changes to the body of the base vehicle are necessary
- Also available as an Estate
- Space, safety and comfort remain unchanged
- No compromises in terms of space, safety and comfort
- Significant increase in comfort with start/stop operation; noiseless start, complete climatic comfort
- Top marks for consumption in the luxury-class business vehicle segment: 4.2 litres/100 km, 109 g CO2/km
- Part of the intelligent downsizing strategy of Mercedes-Benz: increase in the engine output of the E 300 BlueTEC HYBRID with 150 kW + 20 kW electric motor/500 Nm + 250 Nm, compared with the E 250 CDI (150 kW/500 Nm), positioning it at the same level as the E 300 CDI (170 kW/540 Nm)
- Fuel savings of around 15 percent compared with the E 250 CDI – even in actual road traffic conditions
- Impressive hybrid driving experience (start/stop function, regenerative braking, boost effect, purely electric motoring and "sailing" function)
Highlights of the E 400 HYBRID at a glance:
- Compact, intelligent and modular hybrid concept: no changes to the body of the base vehicle are necessary
- No compromises in terms of space, safety and comfort
- Significant increase in comfort with start/stop operation; noiseless start, complete climatic comfort
- Consumption combined (CAFE): 27 mpg
- Part of the intelligent downsizing strategy of Mercedes-Benz: increase in the engine output of the E 400 HYBRID by some 20 kW and 250 Nm thanks to the electric motor
- Impressive hybrid driving experience (start/stop function, regenerative braking, boost effect, purely electric motoring and "sailing" function)
[1] All consumption and performance figures are preliminary figures based on the Saloon model, as at December 2011
Credits: Daimler AG
Copyright © 2011, Mercedes-Benz-Blog. All rights reserved.
